Any unjustified symptoms that persist in time should consult a doctor. In the case of the following, more so, because they are part of the Code of Cancer Alert:
1 - Sustained change in your bowel rhythm (diarrhea, increased frequency, expulsion of mucus).
2 - Variation in your urinary frequency.
3 - Wounds that do not heal in a few days (skin or mucous, including oral cavity, genitals, etc.).
4 - Blood loss from any source (oral, anal, genital, cough, etc.).
5 - Appearance of nodules in any location (mammary, cutaneous, ganglionic areas of armpits or English).
6 - Irritant cough or long-lasting aphonia.
7 - Changes in a part (growth, discoloration, irregularity, itching, nodularity, etc.).
8 - Difficulty swallowing or permanent indigestion.
9 - Abdominal pain.
10 - Unexplained weight loss.
The 3 most common cancers and their symptoms
Colon cancer, the one with the highest incidence in both sexes (15%).
Specific symptoms: changes in the habitual intestinal habit (constipation, diarrhea or alternation of both); Blood in the stool or black stool; Abdominal pain or colic; Tiredness or weight loss.
Prevention: The risk of colorectal cancer is reduced by taking care of the diet (more fruits, vegetables and fiber and less red and processed meats), avoiding excess alcohol and performing a habitual physical activity that controls obesity.
Prostate cancer, the one with the highest incidence in men (21.7%).
Specific symptoms: decreased caliber or interruption of urine stream; Increased frequency of urination, especially at night; Difficulty urinating or stinging during urination
Prevention: Although age and genetic predisposition are key to the development of this disease, eating a diet low in animal fats contributes to the prevention or at least to delay the manifestation of prostate tumor.
Breast cancer, the one with the highest incidence in women (29%).
Specific symptoms: a lump in the breast or armpit; Changes in the shape of the chest; Involution of the nipple or secretion through it.
Prevention: in addition to healthy lifestyle habits (diet, exercise, non-smoking), avoid hormone replacement therapies as much as possible and perform routine breast self-exams starting at age 25.
Recommendations for early cancer screening *
Dr. Antonio Brugarolas, director of the Platform of Oncology Hospital Quirón Torrevieja, recommends:
• BREAST CANCER: biannual breast exam at the beginning, then annual, between 40 and 75 years; Usually with mammography and in cases of greater risk with mammary magnetic resonance.
• CÉRVIX CANCER: cervix in sexually active women between 21 and 65 years, including Pap smear and HPV study when cytology is altered; Is repeated every three years until the age of 30 and then every five years.
• COLORCECTAL CANCER: a fecal occult blood test or, better yet, a colonoscopy every five years after age 50.
• LUNG CANCER: Helical CT of high resolution in patients between 55 and 75 years if they have been severe smokers more than 30 years.
• PROSTATE CANCER: performance of PSA from the age of 50.
• MELANOMA SKIN CANCER: visual detection when there are alterations or changes in pigmentation.
In all cases, the age is anticipated 10 years if you have a family history of the tumor in question.
* The indication of these procedures must be evaluated individually by a specialist.
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